CIHM 
Microfiche 
Series 
(l\Aonographs) 


ICI\/IH 

Collection  de 
microfiches 
(monographies) 


Canidiin  Institute  for  Historic.!  IWicroroproductioni  /  In.titut  Canadian  da  microraproduction.  hiatoriqua. 


996 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes  /  Notes  technique  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  tias  attempted  to  obtain  the  best  original 
copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this  copy  which 
may  be  bibliographically  unique,  which  may  alter  any  of 
the  images  in  the  reproduction,  or  which  may 
significantly  change  the  usual  method  of  filming  are 
checked  below. 


0 


Coloured  covers  / 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I     I      Covers  damaged  / 

' — '      Couverture  endommagte 

I     I      Covers  restored  and/or  laminated  / 

—  Couverture  restauree  et/ou  pelliculee 

r~|      Cover  title  missing  /  Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 

I     I      Coloured  maps  /  Cartes  geographiques  en  couleur 

I     I      Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)  / 

Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

I     I      Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations  / 
PlarKhes  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

I     I      Bound  with  other  material  / 

—  Relie  avec  d'autres  documents 

I     I      Only  edition  available  / 
I — I      Seule  edition  disponible 

I  I  Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin  /  La  reliure  serree  peut 
causei  Je  I'ombre  ou  de  la  distorsion  le  long  de 
la  marge  interieure. 

I  I  Blank  leaves  added  during  restoratrans  may  appear 
within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these  have 
bB&n  omitted  from  filming  /  II  se  peut  que  certaines 
pages  blanches  ajout^s  lors  d'une  restauration 
apparaissent  dans  le  texte,  mais,  lorsque  cela  etait 
possible,  ces  pages  n'ont  pas  etS  lilmees. 


L'Institut  a  microfilm*  le  meilleur  examplpire  qu'il  lui  a 
6te  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details  de  cet  exem- 
plaire  qui  sont  peut-6lre  uniques  du  point  de  vue  bibli- 
ographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier  une  image  reproduite. 
ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une  modifications  dans  la  m«h- 
ode  normale  de  filmage  sont  indiques  ci-dessous. 

I     I      Coloured  pages/ Pages  de  couleur 
I     I      Pages  damaged/ Pages  endommagtes 

I     I      Pages  restored  and/or  laminated  / 
—      Pages  restaurees  et/ou  pellknjiees 

rn.     Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed  / 
'-'^     Pages  decolorees,  tachetees  ou  piquees 

I     I     Pages  detached/ Pages  detachees 

FT'     Showlhrough  /  Transparence 

I     I      Quality  of  print  varies  / 

' — '      Qualiie  inegate  de  I'impression 

rn      Includes  supplementary  material  / 

Comprend  du  materiel  supplementaire 

r~]  Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image  /  Les  pages 
totalement  ou  partiellement  obscurcies  par  un 
feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure,  etc.,  ont  ete  filmees 
a  nouveau  de  fafon  a  obtenir  la  meilleure 
image  possible. 

I  I  Opposing  pages  with  varying  colouration  or 
discolouralions  are  filmed  twice  to  ensure  the 
best  possible  image  /  Les  pages  s'opposant 
ayant  des  colorations  variables  ou  des  decol- 
orations sont  filmees  deux  lois  afin  d'obtenir  la 
meilleur  image  possible. 


D 


Addtionat  comments  / 
Commentaires  supplementajres: 


This  item  is  f  ilmad  at  the  rtduciion  ratio  chtcfcao  beiow/ 

Cc  documant  tst  filmi  au  uux  de  raduction  tndiqui  ct-^fessow. 


10X 

^■■H 

14X 

1IX 

22X 

MX 

»x 

J 

ux 

16X 

XX 

2*X 

28  X 

vt 

Th«  copy  filmed  har*  has  baan  raproduead  thanka 
to  tha  ganarotitv  of: 

Hamilton  Public  Library 


Tha  imagas  appaaring  hara  ara  tha  bait  quality 
poaaibia  eonaidaring  tha  condition  and  lagiblNty 
of  tha  original  copy  and  in  kaaping  with  tha 
filming  contract  apacif icationa. 


Original  copiaa  in  printad  papar  covara  ara  fllmad 
baginning  with  tha  front  covar  and  anding  on 
tha  laat  paga  with  a  printad  or  illuatratad  impraa- 
«ion,  or  tha  back  covar  whan  appropriata.  All 
othar  original  copiaa  ara  filmad  baginning  on  tha 
firat  paga  with  a  printad  or  illuatratad  Impraa- 
aion,  and  anding  on  tha  laat  paga  with  a  printad 
or  illuatratad  impraaaion. 


Tha  laat  racordad  frama  on  aach  microf leha 
ahall  contain  tha  tymbol  — ^  (moaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  tha  tymbol  ▼  (moaning  "END"), 
whiehavar  appliaa. 

IMapa,  plataa.  charta.  ate.  may  ba  filmad  at 
diffarant  raduction  ratio*.  Thoaa  t  o  larga  to  ba 
antiraly  inciudad  in  ona  axpoaura  ara  filmad 
baginning  in  tha  uppar  iaft  hand  cornar.  laft  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  a*  many  framaa  aa 
raquirad.  Tha  following  diagrama  iiluatrata  tha 
mathod; 


1  2  3 


1  2 

4  5 


L'ammplaira  fUm4  (ut  raproduit  grica  i  la 
gtiiAroaitA  da: 

Hmiilton  Public  Library 


Lat  imagat  suivantat  ont  ttt  raproduitat  avac  la 
plua  grand  tain,  eompta  tanu  da  la  condition  at 
da  la  nattata  da  I'axamplaira  filma.  at  an 
eonformlta  avac  laa  condition*  du  contrat  da 
nimaga. 

Laa  axamplairaa  origlnaux  dont  la  couvartura  an 
papiar  aat  imprimaa  sont  filmaa  an  commandant 
par  la  pramiar  plat  at  an  tarminant  loit  par  la 
darnitra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'lmpraaaion  ou  d'illuatration.  loit  par  la  lacond 
plat,  aalon  la  caa.  Toua  la*  autra*  axamplairas 
originaux  lont  filma*  an  commandant  par  la 
pramMra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'lmpraaaion  ou  d'illuatration  at  an  tarminant  par 
la  darnMra  paga  qui  comporta  una  taila 
amprainta. 

Un  daa  lymbola*  auivant*  tpparaitra  *ur  la 
darnMra  imaga  da  ehaqua  mieroflcha,  salon  la 
caa:  la  aymbola  — »  aignifia  "A  SUIVRE".  la 
aymbola  ▼  aignlfia  "FIN". 

La*  cartaa.  plancha*.  tablaaux,  ate.  pauvant  itra 
nimto  t  da*  taux  da  reduction  difftrants. 
Loraqua  la  documant  aat  trop  grand  pour  atra 
raproduit  an  un  *aul  clichA.  il  a*t  filma  *  partir 
da  I'angia  *up4riaur  gaucha.  da  gaucha  i  droita, 
at  da  haut  an  bai,  an  pranant  la  nombra 
d'imaga*  naca**aira.  La*  diagrammaa  suivant* 
illuatrant  la  mAthoda. 


2 

3 

5 

6 

MICtOCOrV   HESOIUTION   IBT  OMIIr 

(ANSI  ond  ISO  TEST  CHABT  No.  J| 


gl^H^ 


J     APPLIED  IM/IGE 


165  J 

(7t6) 

E05l 

482 

Mail  St. 
-  0300  - 

P«o, 

U609 

uy 

(716) 

^m 

-  5989  - 

Fo. 

4  ^ 


,DD1 


.v'lSI 


Lo,_;  ]s\4 


ADDRESS 

OF 

Sir  Edmund  Walkek,  C.V.O. 
PRKSIDENT  vr  Tim  Canadian  Bank  up  CoMMilKtr; 


DetlVERGD  AT  TH8  ElUMTH  ANNUAL  BANgUHT  OF  TIIj;  CANADIAN  Cl.CH 

OF  N'uw  York,  on  tiik  12tii  Novembicii,  1UI2. 


1  appreciate  very  highly  the  a>mplinicnt  you  have  paid 
me  in  allowing  me  to  respond  to  this  toast.  When  the  first 
dinner  of  the  first  Canadian  Club  was  held  at  Hamilton,  in 
Ontario,  about  twenty  years  ago,  I  had  the  honour  t(»  respond 
to  the  toast  of  "Canada."  Since  that  time,  in  scores  of 
Canadian  clubs,  on  countless  occasions,  the  virtues  and  the 
defects  of  that  dear  land  have  been  discussed.  If  its  \  irtuis 
have  been  insisted  upon  too  much  and  its  defects  twi  slightly 
regarded,  tha'.  is  but  human,  and  the  total  good  arising  from 
these  n  ;w  avenues  of  approach  to  the  minds  of  our  busy 
men  can  hardly  be  measured.  Statesmen  charged  with  the 
highest  duties  in  the  Empire,  writers,  publicists — indeed, 
most  men  of  note  who  visit  Canada — are  persuaded,  sooner 
or  later,  to  deliver  a  message  to  our  people,  which  almost 
always  has  some  bearing  on  our  immediate  development  as  a 
nation  or  on  the  development  of  that  great  experiment,  the 
British  Empire.  Three  weeks  ago,  at  our  Canadian  Club 
'  '..icheon  in  Toronto,  the  guest  was  our  Governor-General, 
H.R.H.  the  Duke  of  Connaught.  He  had  just  returned 
from  a  continuous  journey  in  the  Canadian  West,  covering 
over  10,000  miles  and  lasting  nearly  three  months.  The 
gentleman  who  proposed  the  health  of  the  Duke  said  of  him, 
with  warmth  and  sincerity,  that  he  was  happy  in  possessing, 
at  the  same  time,  the  dignity  of  a  prince,  the  sympathy  of 
a  democrat,  and  the  fine  courtesy  of  an  English  gentleman. 
Well,  that  description  of  the  late  King's  brother  will  do  for 
the  text  of  what  I  wish  to  say  alxuit  Canada. 


We  are  as  fiercely  determined  to  secuie  and  maintain  our 
riglits  as  individuals  and  as  political  communities  as  any 
people  in  the  world.  Put,  if  possible,  we  propose  to  en- 
joy these  rights  without  losing  our  reverence  for  the  great 
past  to  which  we  are  heirs,  without  losing  the  lessons  of  a 
great  history,  the  line  features  of  which  ut  not  always  pre- 
served in  our  modem  democracies,  without  renouncing  our 
right  to  share  in  the  troubles  and  the  triiunphs  of  that  great 
Empire  which,  separated  though  they  be  by  seven  seas,  the 
mother  of  nations  and  her  five  yoimg  cubs  are  trying  to  im- 
prove and  to  keep  intact  as  the  greatest  political  c  .d  social 
enterprise  in  the  history  of  the  world.  Since  the  French 
Revolution  many  nations,  e-pecially  Latin  nations,  have  built 
theh-  hopes  upon  constitutions  in  which  the  rights  of  man 
are  set  forth  with  much  pomp  and  logic,  but  in  these  countries 
the  enjoyment  of  real  liberty  has  often  been  in  inverse  pr  i- 
portion  to  the  declarations  of  thi  constitution.  Tne  political 
and  social  enterprise  of  the  British  Empire  rests  on  no  pre- 
tension "  that  all  men  are  erected  equal,"  but  the  practice 
of  the  British  Empire  is  to  measure  out  "  equal  and  exact 
justice  to  all  men,  of  whatever  state  or  persuasion,  religious 
or  political,"  and  of  whatever  colour.  The  condition  of 
human  liberty,  tLe  admin.'stration  of  government,  and 
other  aspects  of  society,  ore  far  from  perfect  in  the  British 
Empire — ^fuU  of  inconsistencies  and,  doubtless,  impossible 
of  statement  m  any  written  constitution — ^but,  as  they  are, 
they  provide  the  most  humane  and  beneficent  conditions 
of  life  ever  experienced  in  any  of  the  countries  comprised 
in  the  Empire.  Nothing,  however,  in  the  British  Empire 
being  perfect  even  in  theory,  we  may  hope  to  contmue  in 
the  future,  as  in  "he  past,  slowly  moving  into  a  larger  uay 
of  civilization,  keeping  always  in  the  van  of  human  progress. 

The  Canadian  who  has  lived  in  the  United  States,  who 
has  formed  strong  bonds  of  affection  there,  and  who  watches 
with  keen  sympathy  the  development  of  that  great  nation, 
must  often  ponder  over  the  fact  that  Amer'cans  of  British 
descent  value  as  their  most  precious  possession  the  liberties 
arising  from  their  separation  from  the  old  land,  while  Cana- 


dians  value  as  their  most  preciuus  possessiim  every  tic  that 
binds  them  to  it.  If  he  has  studied  the  volumes  on  the 
"Origins  of  the  British  Cole  ia!  System"  by  George  Louis 
Beer,  one  o.  the  brilliant  students  of  Columbia,  he  will  how- 
ever  realize  that  the  vario  js  communities  forming  the  British 
Empire  have  arrived  at  their  present  relatiois  of  mutual 
regard  by  an  irregular  and  painful  progress,  ,'iU  of  bi.ter 
experience,  beginning  with  the  selfish  exploitation  of  the 
colonies  by  monopolist  traders  and  arrested  in  the  midst 
of  a  too  slow  development  of  colonial  liberty  by  the  loss  of 
the  United  SUtes. 

The  loss  of  this  great  country  wu  terrible  indeed,  but 
it  is  quite  pos8tl>  that  but  for  that  loss  there  would  be  no 
British  Empire  to-day.  It  would  be  foolish  for  any  one  *o 
■uppo^e  thai  those  colonists  who  remained  loyal  were  careless 
about  huerty,  but  with  their  love  of  liberty  they  combined  a 
reverence  for  the  past  which  made  them  take  counsel  with 
their  patience.  Early  in  the  eighteenth  century  those  steps 
in  tb<>  development  of  parliaments  began  in  British  North 
America  which,  widening  in  area  so  as  to  inctudL  all  the 
white  and  some  of  the  dork  races,  and  advancing  gradually 
in  autonomy,  have  now  placed  the  Overseas  Dominions  in 
the  positioi.  nations  co-operaing  with  Great  Britain  in 
schemes  for  the  defence  of  the  Empire,  schemes  which 
when  realized,  will  doubtless  be  accompanied  by  a 
corresponding  share  in  the  shaping  of  the  foreign  policy 
of  the  Empire.  Can  you  wonder  that  in  otu-  years  of  struggle 
for  success  we  were  patient  with  the  motherland,  which 
acted  as  banker  and  watchman  for  us?  Rather  wonder  at 
her  patience  as,  decade  by  decade,  we  advanced  some  new 
claim  for  autonomy  and,  because  of  our  importunity, 
obtained  it. 

And  now,  regarding  .lanada  as  a  nation,  with  its  face 
clearly  s<;t  towards  its  goal — a  shaie  in  the  defence  and 
government  of  the  British  Empire — let  us  consider  her 
advantages  and  iifTiculties.  I  remember  that  in  speaking, 
a  few  years  ago,  at  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  dinner  in 
New  York,  I  tried  to  explain  to  an  auil'fnce  mainly  of 
Americans  the  reasons  why  Canada  comes  forward  as  an 


important  natiun  just  about  one  hundred  yrar^  later  than 
the  United  States,  but  to  an  audience  of  Canadians  no 
explanation  is  necessary.  It  is  rnoUKh  that  in  thcw  days 
we  represeut  more  at  least  than  any  country,  in  the  northern 
hemisphere,  that  golden  Opportunity  which  the  adventurers 
of  the  world  are  always  seeking.  In  the  extent  of  our  sea 
coasts,  our  lakes  and  rivers,  our  mountains,  our  forests,  our 
fields  in  thousands  of  valleys  and  uplands  and  prairies,  and 
in  the  rich  harvests  to  be  gained  eventually  fr«m  them  all,  we 
are  not  surpassed  by  any  country,  but  we  have  much,  indeed, 
to  do  before  we  arrive  at  our  full  stature  as  a  nation.  The 
figures  of  our  commerce  arc,  naturally,  as  much  smaller  than 
the  United  States  as  our  population  is  smaller,  and  I,  for 
one,  neither  expect  nor  hope  that  our  population  will  ever 
be  as  large.  We  are  a  northern  country,  and  in  almost  everj- 
effort  we  put  forth  we  have  to  overcome  the  difficulties 
caused  by  our  winter,  and  must  also  bear  the  loss  of 
the  forces  of  nature  which  lie  dormant  in  that  season. 
We  have  not  even  a  com  belt,  much  less  the  many  sub- 
tropical products  of  the  United  States,  although  we  may 
hope  to  improve  this  somewhat  when  the  West  Indies  join 
the  Nortli  American  Confederation  of  the  Empire. 

But  need  I  say  to  any  man  vho  has  tasted  the  joys  of 
a  Canadian  winter  that  we  would  not  exchange  it  for  all  the 
sub-tropical  countries  in  the  world?  In  the  effort  called 
forth  for  the  development  of  our  national  resources 
in  our  northern  climate  lies  the  assurance  of  our  national 
character.  Whether  we  ever  have  a  population  of  a  hundred 
millions  or  not  is  immaterial.  What  is  material  is  that  we 
should  be  in  character  and  endowments  as  a  people  one  of 
the  strongest  races  in  the  world,  fit,  let  us  hope,  if  England 
ever  declines  from  her  high  estate,  which  God  forbid,  to  take 
her  place  as  the  centre  of  the  power  and  the  civilization  of 
the  Empire. 

Let  us  turn  for  a  moment  to  some  of  the  details  of  our 
national  life.  For  many  years  we  have  been  enjoying  an 
extraordinary  prosperity.  This  is  largely  due  to  an  immi- 
gration which  exceeds  in  the  proportion  of  the  newcomer  to 


thow  already  in  the  countiy  anytliiiiK  ever  kn>wn  txfore 
Thii  proportion  is  about  five  imminrants  per  year  to  each 
hundred  already  in  Canada.  If  that  icale  in  "iplied  to  the 
t'nited  Statei,  you  wilt  realize  that  nur  pnihlim  u(  assimi 
lation,  of  transportation,  o  'and  prfparatiim  and  of  housinj;, 
is  greater  by  far  than  Hk  United  States  has  ever  hod  to 
confront.  In  the  enormous  cost  of  li  nessing  the  country 
for  this  ever-growing  army  of  settlii  ,  the  savings  of  the 
Canadian  people,  now  very  lirgr,  are  quickly  absorbed, 
and,  in  addition,  we  are  among  the  largest  borrowers  in 
the  London  market.  W'p  need  at  the  moment  in  addition 
to  our  own  savings  ovi  3^00,(100,0(1)1  annually  for  our 
material  development,  and  we  get  almost  all  of  it  from  the 
dear  old  mother,  who  now  ranks  us  first  in  credit  amoni; 
the  borrowing  nations  fur  whom  she  acts  as  banker. 
Without  this  stream  of  new  capital,  the  stream  of  immigra 
tion  would  be  greatly  les.sened,  but,  unir  we  have  a  wide 
spread  European  war,  I  do  not  believe  will  be  checked, 
except  temporarily,  whe:  .he  over-eagei  son  asks  too  much 
from  the  indulgent  mother,  and  thus  justifies  reproof.  It 
looks  as  if  on  the  material  side  we  shall  continue  to  prosper, 
and  it  behoves  us  to  see  that  in  this  widespread  prospei  <  - 
the  loaves  and  fishes  are  so  divided  that  national  harmi ' 
and  not  discord  is  the  result.  We  are  endeavouring  to  buiid 
up  an  industrial  community  of  the  same  kind  as  that  of  the 
United  States  or  Great  Britain.  We  do  not  wish  to  be 
merely  an  agricultural  or  merely  a  manufacturing  people, 
either  in  the  East  or  in  the  West.  To-day  the  West  is,  natur- 
ally, mostly  agricultural  and  pastoral,  and  it  is  served  mostly 
by  the  Eastern  manufacturer.  This  is  the  cause  of  discon 
tent,  as  it  has  been  in  the  United  States.  Wo  can  already, 
however,  see  the  beginning  of  manufacturing  in  the  West, 
and  we  shall  rapidly  repeat  the  history  of  many  Western 
cities  in  the  United  States,  which  in  one  generation  from 
mere  markets  for  farm  produce  develoj.  i  into  busy  manu- 
facturing centres.  Until  this  time  arrives  we  must  by 
frequent  conference  and  {rank  argument  maintain  as  fair 
relations  as  are  possible.     All  must  bear  their  share  in  sup- 


porting  the  cost  of  government,  including  that  part  in  har- 
nessing the  country  which  falls  upon  the  government,  and 
cannot  be  accomplished  by  private  enterprise. 

What  is  more  difficult  than  harmonizing  the  results  to 
men's  pockets  is  the  question  of  making  Canadians  of  all 
these  newcomers.  In  the  schools  of  Winnipeg  between 
twenty-five  and  thirty  languages  are  used  in  the  effort  to 
teach  all  the  children  our  English  language.  In  an  adver- 
tisement of  a  Canadian  bank  I  notice  that  its  business  is  set 
forth  in  ten  languages.  We  speak  of  "assimilation,"  but, 
as  I  recently  heard  an  able  Westerner  say,  "How  can  you 
talk  of  assimilation  when  the  newcomers  outnumber  the 
Canadians  ? ' '  This  they  do  in  many  parts  of  the  WeL  -..  And 
yet,  as  we  perform  the  great  task  of  finding  for  each  new 
community  the  shopkeepers,  doctors,  lawyers,  ministers, 
school  teachers,  bankers,  and  all  that  go  to  make  the 
human  Itadership  in  a  community,  and  as  we  begin  to 
apply  to  these  strangers  the  principles  of  law  and  order 
which  have  made  our  cotmtiy  a  shir-ig  light  among  new 
countries,  we  must  do  it  all  with  the  assurance  that  such 
leadership  and  such  law  will  shape  the  minds  of  countless 
people  from  Europe  and  the  United  States,  and  make  of 
them,  as  it  has  already  done  in  many  most  conspicuous 
cases,  not  merely  good  Canadians,  but  loving  and  rt  "rent 
believers  in  the  uecessity  of  preserving  and  upbuilding  the 
great  British  Empire.  A  Canadian  does  not  need  to  be  of 
British  birth  to  join  fervently  in  that  prayer  of  Tennyson 
which  epitomises  the  Englishman  from  Drake  and  Frobisher 
to  those  who,  like  Roberts  and  Beresford,  are  opposing  the 
little  Englander  to-day: 

"We  sailed  wherever  ship  could  sail. 
We  founded  many  a  mighty  state. 
Pray  God  our  greatness  may  not  fail 
Through  craven  fears  of  being  great." 


